2011北京地区普通高等学校英语统一考试试题(1)

概要：e hottest new thing in dance music, much as ragtime had at the turn of the century, and as would rhythm(节奏) and blues in the forties, rock in thefifties, and disco in the seventies. (S2)But tow characteristics distinguish jazz from other dance music. The first is improvisation(即兴演奏), the changing of music according to the player’s inspiration(灵感). Lick all artists, jazz musicians strive(奋斗) for an individual style, and improvised solo(独奏) is a jazz musician’ s main opportunity to display his or her individu

Part I Reading Comprehension(30%)

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

(S1)The development of jazz can be seen as part of the development of American popular music

especially dance music. I the twenties, jazz became the hottest new thing in dance music, much as ragtime had at the turn of the century, and as would rhythm(节奏) and blues in the forties, rock in the

fifties, and disco in the seventies.

    (S2)But tow characteristics distinguish jazz from other dance music.

    The first is improvisation(即兴演奏), the changing of music according to the player’s inspiration(灵感). Lick all artists, jazz musicians strive(奋斗) for an individual style, and improvised solo(独奏) is a jazz musician’ s main opportunity to display his or her individuality. In early jazz, musicians often improvised melodies collectively, thus creating a kind of polyphony (复调音乐). There was little soloing as such, although some New Orleans players, achieved local fame for their ability to improvise a solo. Later the idea of the chorus-long solo took hold. Louis Armstrong’s instrumental brilliance, demonstrated through extended solos, was a major influence in this development.

    Even in the early twenties, however, some jazz bands had featured soloists. Unimprovised, completely structured jazz does exist, but the ability of the best jazz musicians to create music of great beauty during a performance has been a hallmark (特点) of the music and its major source of inspiration and change.

    The  second distinguishing characteristic of jazz is a rhythmic drive that wax initially called “hot” and later“swing”. In playing hot, a musician consciously departs from strict meter to create a relaxed sense of phrasing that also emphasizes the underlying rhythms. Not all jazz is hot, however, many early to play hot distinguished the jazz musician from other instrumentalists.

1. The passage answers which of the following question?

    A. Which early jazz musicians most influenced rhythm and blues music?

    B. What are the differences between jazz and other forms of music?

    C. Why is dancing closely related to popular music in the United States?

    D. What instruments comprised atypical jazz band of the 1920’s?

2. The topic of the passage is develop primarily by means of          .

    A. dividing the discussion into two major areas

    B. presenting contrasting(对比) points of vies                             

    C. providing biographies of famous musicians

    D. describing historical events in sequence

3. The underlined word“ragtime” refers to           .

    A. pollution       B. music       C. person           D. war

4. In the writer’s opinion, disco in the seventies must be          .

    A. pollution       B. out-of-date   C. children’s game    D. popular

    5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the test?

    A. Jazz is one of American popular music.

    B. Jazz isn’t dance music.

    C. Improvisation only can be seen in jazz.
　D. Rhythm is not important in jazz.                                          

解析一：[生词] be seen as:被视为；especially=particularly=in particular:尤其是；ragtime:拉格泰姆爵士乐；at the turn of the century:丗纪之交；blues:布鲁斯音乐；rock:摇滚乐；disco:迪斯可；

character:性格 特色；characterise:特征；distingguish…from…:把---和---区别开；individually style:个人风格；improvesed:经改进的；opprtunity to display:展露的机会；individuality:个性；melodies:旋律；collectively:集体地；create:创造；New Orleans：新奥尔良；local：本地的；               

the chorus-long:唱诗班；brilliance:杰出的;demonstrated:演示; influence:有影响力的人;featured:主演的;unimprovised:即兴表演的; structured:营造的；performance: 表演 ；source: 来源；    rhythmic drive: 节奏发展趋向；initially:最初的；consciously:有意地；departs from:背离；emphasizes：强调；

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