上外附中2017年高考英语12月份月考试题

概要：ted rock is called magma. Sometimes the magma breaks out to the surface through cracks in the crust. These cracks are volcanoes.Most people think of mountains when they think of volcanoes. But not every mountain is a volcano. A volcano is simply the opening in the earth from which the magma escapes. The hot magma， or lava as it is called， cols and builds up on the surface of the earth. Over thousands of years， this pile of cooled lava can grow to be very， very big. For example， the highest mountain in Africa， Kilimanjaro， is

上外附中2017年高考英语12月份月考试题,http://www.jdxx5.com

　　The earth is made up of many layers（层）。 The top layer that we see is called the crust. Under the crust are many layers of hard rock. But far， far beneath the crust whose rock is so hot， that it is soft. In some places it even melts. The melted rock is called magma. Sometimes the magma breaks out to the surface through cracks in the crust. These cracks are volcanoes.

　　Most people think of mountains when they think of volcanoes. But not every mountain is a volcano. A volcano is simply the opening in the earth from which the magma escapes. The hot magma， or lava as it is called， cols and builds up on the surface of the earth. Over thousands of years， this pile of cooled lava can grow to be very， very big. For example， the highest mountain in Africa， Kilimanjaro， is a volcano. It towers more than 16，000 feet above the ground around it.

　　56. The underlined word “erupts” means ______.

　　A. moves down　B. breaks away　C. builds up　D. suddenly throws out lava

　　57. Which words in the passage have the same meaning as “melted rock” ?

　　A. “Volcano” and “explode”.　B. “Crust” and“hard rock”

　　C. “magma” and“lava”　D. “Volcano” and“magma”

　　58. Which is the correct order of the layers of the earth（beginning with the top layer）？

　　A. crust-hard rock-magma-soft rock　B. crust-hard rock- soft rock-magma

　　C. magma-soft rock- hard rock-crust　D. volcano-cracks-magma-crust

　　59.The best title of the passage should be _______.

　　A. The Volcano　B. Kilimanjaro Volcano　C. The Mountains　D. The Melted Rock

　　B

　　In some ways， the United States has made some progress. Fires no longer destroy 18，000 buildings as they did in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871， or kill half a town of 2，400 people， as they did the same night in Peshtigo， Wisconsin. Other than the Beverly Hill Supper Club fire in Kentucky in 1977， it has been four decades since more than 100 Americans died in a fire.

　　But even with such successes， the United States still has one of the worst fire death rates in the world. Safety experts say the problem is neither money nor technology， but the indifference（无所谓） of a country that just will not take fires seriously enough.

　　American fire departments are some of the world‘s fastest and best-equipped. They have to be. The United States has twice Japan‘s population， and 40 times as many fires. It spends far less on preventing fires than on fighting them. And American fire -safety lessons are aimed almost entirely at children， who die in large numbers in fires but who， against popular beliefs， start very few of them.

　　Experts say the error is an opinion that fires are not really anyone‘s fault. That is not so in other countries， where both public education and the law treat fires as either a personal failing or a crime. Japan has many wood houses; of the 48 fires in world history that burned more than 10，000 buildings， Japan has had 27. Punishment for causing a big fire can be as severe as life imprisonment.

　　In the United States， most education dollars are spent in elementary schools. But， the lessons are aimed at too limited a number of people; just 9 percent of all fire deaths are caused by children playing with matches.

　　The United States continues to depend more on technology than laws or social pressure. There are smoke detectors in 85 percent of all homes. Some local building laws now require home sprinklers （喷水装置）。 New heaters and irons shut themselves off if they are tipped.

　　60. The reason why so many Americans die in fires is that _____.

　　A. they took no interest in new technology　B. they did not pay great attention to preventing fires

　　C. they showed indifference to fighting fires 　D. they did not spend enough money on fire equipment

　　61.It can be inferred from the passage that______.

　　A. fire safety lessons should not be aimed only at American children

　　B. American children have not received enough education of fire safety lessons

　　C. Japan is better equipped with fire equipment than the United States

　　D. America‘s large population leads to more fires

　　62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. There has been no great fire in the USA in recent 40 years that leads to high death rate.

　　B. There have been several great fires in the USA in recent 40 years that lead to high death rate.

　　C. There has been only one great fire in the USA in recent 40 years that led to high death rate.

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