新目标英语八年级下重点短语及句型Unit4
概要：等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变 www.jdxx5.com 一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如：Tom said to me，”My brother is doing his homework.“→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。 如：She asked Jack，”Where have you been?“ →She asked Jack where he had been.He said，”These books are mine.“ →He said that those books were his.（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由th
新目标英语八年级下重点短语及句型Unit4,http://www.jdxx5.com23.What are some things that happen on soap operas?
本单元语法讲解
直接引语和间接引语
（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变 www.jdxx5.com
一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如：
Tom said to me，”My brother is doing his homework.“
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。 如：
She asked Jack，”Where have you been?“ →She asked Jack where he had been.
He said，”These books are mine.“ →He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。
1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。
”I want the blue one.“ he told us. ”我想要兰色的。“ 他说。
→He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。
She said to me， ”You can‘t do anything now.“ 她对我说：”此刻你无法做任何事情。“
→She told me that I couldn‘t do anything then. 她对我说那时我无法做任何事。
2. 疑问句的间接引语
直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask， wonder， want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种：
（1）。一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时， 由whether或if 引导。 如：
”Has he ever worked in Shanghai?“Jim asked. ”他在上海工作过吗？“吉姆问。
→Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。
”Can you tell me the way to the hospital?“ The old man asked.
那个老人问：”你能告诉我去医院的路吗？
→The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.
那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。
（2）。 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。 如：
“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “你住哪个房间？”他问我。
→He asked me which room I lived in. 他问我住哪个房间。
“What do you think of the film?” She asked. 她问“你怎么看这部电影？”
→She asked her friend what she thought of the film.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。
（3）。 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether/if …or引导。 如：
“Is it your bike or Tom‘s? Mum asked.妈妈问：”这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？“
→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom‘s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。
”Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?“ Kate asked.
”你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？“凯特问。
→Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.
凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。
3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 如：
Jack said， ”Please come to my house tomorrow， Mary. “杰克说：”玛丽，明天请到我家来。“
→Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day. 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。
The teacher said to the students， ”Stop talking.“老师对学生们说：”不要讲话了。“
→The teacher told the students to stop talking.老师让学生们不要说话了。
”Don‘t touch anything.“ He said.”不要碰任何东西。“他说。
→He told us not to touch anything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。
4. 动词时态和代词等的变动
（1）。 某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则：
直接引语间接引语
todaythat day
nowthen， at that moment
yesterdaythe day before
the day before yesterdaytwo days before
tomorrowthe next day / the following day
